Internet Hoaxes

Question: Are younger educated people who were raised on the Internet LESS likely to be taken in by hoax emails such as Obama as "radical Muslim" than Jon Stewart's 80-year-old aunt? Or the hoax about clothing designer Tommy Hilfiger as racist? 

Last year, hoaxes (so-called "fake news") from pseudo-news sites were shared more widely than actual news, according to a Buzzfeed study. And WTOE 5 is not a real TV station any more than the Denver Guardian is a real newspaper. Here's a doozy from a hugely-trafficked rightwing site called "Conservative Tribune." Hoaxer/alleged comic Paul Horner tells the Washington Post: "I think Donald Trump is in the White House because of me." #Pizzagateanyone; it never dies, but don't blame me.

NBC "Today" show interviewed me in 2013 about separating fact from fiction in media and Internet. 

Book sells, despite MSM shunning . . . thanks largely to bloggers

Journalists dismissed as part of "the reality-based community"

In 2004, journalist Ron Suskind interviewed a top aide to President George W. Bush. (It's believed the aide was Karl Rove.) As Suskind reported in his NY Times magazine article:

The aide said that guys like me were "in what we call the reality-based community,” which he defined as people who “believe that solutions emerge from your judicious study of discernible reality.” ... “That’s not the way the world really works anymore,” he continued. “We’re an empire now, and when we act, we create our own reality. And while you’re studying that reality—judiciously, as you will—we’ll act again, creating other new realities, which you can study too, and that’s how things will sort out. We’re history’s actors...and you, all of you, will be left to just study what we do.

Is U.S. Media System Failing to Inform?

Typical of similar academic studies over the years, a study published in 2009 compared the level of public knowledge about current events in Denmark, Finland, United Kingdom and the United States. It found that the countries where TV/radio is dominated by public broadcasting -- Denmark and Finland -- were the best informed. Our country, dominated by corporate commercial media, was the least informed, especially among lower-income people. The U.K.'s public, with its mix of Murdoch-style tabloids and BBC, was in the middle. The study's authors suggest that differing media systems play a role in those results, although other factors also play a role (perhaps differences in educational and social systems).

A 2003 study of public knowledge of facts related to the Iraq War found that misperceptions among U.S. residents (that evidence linked Iraq and al Qaeda; that weapons of mass destruction had been found in Iraq; and that world public opinion favored the US invasion) were greatest among those whose primary info source was Fox News -- and least among those whose primary info source was public broadcasting. (A Pew poll taken in Aug. 2010 found that almost 1 in 5 Americans believed President Obama to be a Muslim; only 34% knew he is a Christian. 43% chose "don't know.")

Video and blogging for human rights

Launched in 1992 with the help of musician Peter Gabriel, the nonprofit Witness.org began distributing video cameras in hopes of minimizing human rights abuses. Now they support and train people in the safe use of cell phones and cameras to record abuses. Their slogan: "See it. Film it. Change it."

The Israeli human rights group, B'Tzelem, provides cameras to Palestinians so they can record Israeli settlers who harass Palestinians, including incidents of intimidation in and around the Palestinian city of Hebron, which rightwing Israeli religious settlers believe God has bequeathed to Jews.

Vancouver Film School students created an inspiring video, "Iran, A Nation of Bloggers," and put it online months before the tech-fueled protests over Iran's disputed 2009 election.

Nightmare in Tunisia for Dictatorship

Tunisia is a small, Mediterranean country in North Africa.  Back in 2007, Tunisian citizen-journalists had documented the tourism/shopping sprees of the dictator's wife aboard the presidential plane to global shopping/fashion capitals. (H/t Global Voices)

In 2010, the TuniLeaks website was set up to post (WikiLeaks-released) internal U.S. Embassy documents candidly exposing the corruption of Tunisia's dictatorship. Here's a heartfelt thank you to Chelsea Manning from a Tunisian.

Fascinating photo (released by Ben Ali's office) of dictator Ben Ali visiting the hospital bed of the desperate young man who set himself on fire in protest in Dec. 2010 -- the young man didn't live long enough to learn that his act led to the overthrow of Ben Ali after sustained, Internet-fueled nonviolent protests. 

Amid the protests, Tunisian rapper El General put out this widely-circulated music video against Ben Ali that urged people to join the protest. It led to his arrest for a few days. Soon after, the dictator fled. The song went on to become an anthem in Tunisia, Egypt and elsewhere.

Despite upheaval, Tunisia has been the model of democracy and compromise in the wake of the Arab Spring, as suggested this article from 2016, and this new documentary.

U.S. jazz legend Dizzy Gillespie performs his classic jazz tune "Night in Tunisia," first recorded in 1944.

OhMyNews TV correspondent . . .

. . . tries to get answers in Dec 2013 from a former South Korean president who appointed a discredited director of the National Intelligence Service. Spy chief Won Sei-hoon faced legal charges that he'd meddled in the 2012 presidential election on behalf of the winning conservative candidate through a covert Internet effort to smear opposition candidates. The reporter asked the former president: Do you feel responsible as a person who appointed Won to this post? Soon after this TV report, the spy chief was convicted of graft. 

In 2008, OhMyNews heavily covered the protests over the US/South Korea trade deal.

"Get lost, you aXX hole," said the president. (It wasn't Trump.)

In 2008, then-President of France Nicolas Sarkozy was caught on video calling a disgruntled citizen an "idiot" or "dumbass" or "a**hole" (depending on translation). French politicians were having difficulty tolerating the scrutiny of online coverage (including online video) -- especially compared to deferential coverage they're accustomed to from traditional media.

A former U.S. president (then governor of Texas) caught on video

Mexico's "Yo Soy 132" Student Movement

This Internet-driven movement didn't alter the outcome of Mexico's July 2012 presidential election -- since the candidate being "imposed" by the two major TV networks ended up winning.  But the student activists of Yo Soy 132 had impact; they set up an historic presidential debate that was carried online (TV-promoted frontrunner, Enrique Pena Nieto, was the only candidate who didn't show up).  It was this video on You Tube that launched the movement, after a campus protest had embarrassed Pena Nieto

Global Voices Online

Global Voices is a community of hundreds of writers, experts and translators around the world who post reports from blogs and citizen media, emphasizing "voices that are not ordinarily heard in international mainstream media." For example, this 2014 Vlog post on Latin American subway musicians & performers. Or, a win for activists in Brazil. 

This 2011 post features short videos from a competition on gender equality in the Ukraine.

This 2010 post features a public protest by a brave professor and blogger in China, offering himself as a slave.

Egyptian Bloggers/"Facebookers" Sparked the Egypt Uprising

With the Mubarak dictatorship in control of all major media in Egypt, brave Egyptian "citizen journalists" risked imprisonment and torture to blog or tweet about human rights abuses. Here's renowned Egyptian blogger Wael Abbas interviewed on BBC in January 2010. Over the years, Abbas was harassed, censored and assaulted by authorities -- and was briefly detained in Feb 2011 during the uprising.

Sharif Abdel Kouddous covered the 18-day uprising in 2011 for Democracy Now!, and he was the central character in an HBO documentary about the Egyptian revolution. For his reporting from Egypt, he was awarded (on IC campus in April 2012) the Izzy Award for outstanding achievement in independent media.  (Here's a paperback "Tweets from Tahrir.")

In June, 2010, Khaled Said was beaten to death by police in public for the crime of Internet use and, apparently, exposing police corruption. His martyrdom inspired protests and Internet organizing that led to the uprising six months later that ended the Mubarak dictatorship. Middle East-based Google exec and activist Wael Ghonim set up the galvanizing "We Are All Khaled Said" Facebook page in Arabic.  (Here's an English FB version of "We Are All Khaled Said.")

Upworthy.com

Upworthy.com promotes social issues virally, usually with an uplifting message -- often using visuals or video like this animation on advertising/media impact on girls. A site satirizing Upworthy.  

Two indy journalists held the city of Chicago when police killed a teen and the city covered it up

Two journalists and a lawyer in Chicago broke open the case of the police killing of 17-year-old Laquan McDonald -- first the autopsy and then dashcam video footage that was seen all over the world.  Brandon Smith, whose suit forced release of the video, was barred (lack of credentials) from the news conference about the video and criminal charges against the policeman.  

Glenn Greenwald helped raise some funding for Smith and Jamie Kalven's investigative Invisible Institute -- and other journalists who do police accountability reporting. Greenwald interviewed Smith in The Intercept:

GREENWALD: One of the things that I’ve always wondered about in reading about the work you did in this case is there are obviously a lot of big media outlets in Chicago like The Chicago Tribune and a bunch of network affiliates and other reasonably well founded media outlets. Why did it fall on you to pursue this case on the courts? . . . 

SMITH:  . . . It’s not so much like a really obvious failure it’s more of like, just a general trusting on their part of government and process. You know, I was a newspaper reporter for five years in Ohio and I got into the same groove of trusting my sources and like getting into a relationship with my sources. And so when they say, “Oh, the investigation is ongoing, to release a video would mean to screw up our investigation,” then I’m sorry to say that I was one of those reporters that just didn’t say boo to that. And over the years I’ve kind of developed this independent mindset that I think is really important in our work and I wish more people had it. 

Tavi Gevinson: Blogger at 11, Editor-in-Chief at 15

This interview was recorded when fashion blogger Tavi was 15, and had founded Rookie. At age 16, she appeared on Colbert Report.

(By 17, she was beginning a career as an actor, in movies and on Broadway. Here's a fascinating NYT piece on how bloggers rocked the world of fashion journalism.ups)

The WikiLeaks Controversy

In Dec. 2010, blogger Glenn Greenwald (a WikiLeaks supporter) explained journalistic independence to a CNN correspondent. WikiLeaks website is here. This leaked video (with 16 million YouTube views) shows the killing of employees of the Reuters news agency and wounding of children by a US attack helicopter in Iraq.

In August 2012, I visited the Ecuadoran embassy in London after WikiLeaks' founder had taken refuge inside; I was there days after the British government threatened to invade the embassy, a serious breach of international law.

Following in WikiLeaks footsteps is a new U.S.-based group, ExposeFacts.org.  (Full disclosure: I am an advisor).

On the 2017 World Press Freedom Index compiled by Reporters Without Borders, the United States has fallen to 43rd out of 180 countries (down from 41^st last year)-- largely because of Trump worsening a status quo that RWB had criticized under Obama.

The man who inspired Edward Snowden to become a whistleblower was a previously brave NSA officer named Thomas Drake, who suffered consequences of a prosecution and now survives by working in an Apple store.

Local online watchdog outlets try to fill gaps

As dailies have shrunk, local online nonprofit news sites have sprouted, such as the well-funded VoiceofSanDiego.org ("Nonprofit News Powered by Members") and the professionally-staffed MinnPost.com ("a thoughtful approach to news"). and Buffalo's hard-hitting Investigative Post, which published this powerful investigative piece about the hunt for lead in Buffalo's drinking water. Nationwide, local watchdog outlets are trying to figure out how to survive, reported Jodi Enda in a 2012 piece for American Journalism Review.

Nonprofit investigative outlet ProPublica . . .

 . .  probes important issues from the pharmaceutical industry to hate crimes. A ProPublica piece by Justin Elliott during the height of the Edward Snowden controversy questioned the evidence-free claim that NSA mass surveillance of all of us has thwarted 54 terror plots.

"Independent Media in a Time of War" with Amy Goodman

A group of citizen-journalists (Hudson Mohawk Independent Media Center) produced a short documentary centered around an April 2003 speech by Amy Goodman of Democracy Now!  At the time, many in mainstream media were cheering what they believed was a short, successful and nearly-completed invasion of Iraq; President Bush's approval rating was sky high.

In 2003, a CNN executive actually boasted about having given the Pentagon an advisory role on who his on-air experts would be during the Iraq war. 

Impolite question from indy sparks big controversy

A student in the Spring 2009 indy media class, Chris Lisee, blogged about the impact that a single off-key journalist can have.

Viral video impacts the 2008 presidential election

This 2008 video short "McCain's Mansions" from Robert Greenwald's Brave New Films (with more than 600,000 views) percolated up through the media food chain into the mainstream, where it exploded.  It impacted the campaign, as shown by this self-promotional video, "The Making of McCain's Mansions."

Trailer for "War on Whistleblowers: Free Press & the National Security State" -- a BNF feature doc critical of the Obama administration

Jack Black & the mission of rock 'n' roll

In the movie School of Rock, a substitute teacher (played by Jack Black) explains the mission of rock 'n' roll to his 5th grade students: stickin' it to the man. Do independent media share a similar mission?  (The School of Rock kids in the original cast had a 10-year reunion with Jack Black in 2013.)

Drudge Report's Influence

Matt Drudge of the Drudge Report, a conservative with tabloid sensibilities, exerts major Internet influence as a newswire/referral service, and spreading rumor and innuendo about Democratic politicians.

Brave New Films' viral videos on racism

After the feature-length documentary"Outfoxed," Robert Greenwald and Brave New Films started producing a mix of full-length docs and short viral videos. Millions have watched this online "Racism Is Real" short about PRESENT-DAY racism. Here's  another short,"Black Protests vs. White Riots," that points to mainstream TV news bias.

Is it "End Times" at The New York Times?

The Daily Show's July 2009 look at the New York Times' "day-old news." Jason Jones' segment was so merciless, it made me amazingly sympathetic toward The Times.

Ebay founder/billionaire Pierre Omidyar . . .

. . .explained his support of First Look Media (parent of The Intercept) in a video released Jan. 2014. Read The Intercept, co-founded by Glenn Greenwald, here. 

John Oliver on the dangerous decline of newspapers

Here is a 5-min condensation of Oliver's 19-min presentation from Aug, 2016. Full presentation here.